Art. 479 Exceptions

If a criminal charge is based on a law that has certain exceptions or excuses built into it, the prosecutor does not have to prove in the indictment that none of those exceptions apply. The charge is still valid even if it does not mention or rule out these exceptions.

Instead, it is up to the defendant to raise the exception or excuse as part of their defense. In other words, if someone believes an exception in the law applies to their situation, they need to bring it up and argue it themselves during the case. The state is not required to address it upfront when writing the charge.