Changelog

v3.9.0 September 15, 2026

Every summary in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure has been rewritten — 72 rules, from Rule 1 to Rule 62. They are longer than before, around a hundred words rather than fifty, and written to be read straight through rather than decoded
Each one is now written against the whole rule set, not just the rule in front of it. A summary can say where a rule stops and the next one starts: Rule 32 covers sentencing and the judgment, and notes that criminal forfeiture is Rule 32.2; Rule 16 covers discovery and notes that witness statements are governed separately by Rule 26.2. A reader who has landed on the wrong rule can now tell, and can see which one they want
A rule reference inside a summary is checked before it is published. A summary that names a rule number which does not exist in that set is held back rather than published, so a citation in a summary always leads somewhere real

v3.8.0 September 13, 2026

Two business courts are now published — Tennessee’s Business Court Docket and South Carolina’s Business Court Program. Neither court has a numbered rule set: both were created by Supreme Court order and are still governed that way, so each order is published as its own rule, carrying its date and docket number. A citation to any of them now resolves
Tennessee’s docket takes commercial cases from anywhere in the state, heard in Davidson County Chancery. The order of December 22, 2017 is the one to read: it sets the criteria — a civil case filed on or after May 1, 2017 alleging at least $250,000 in compensatory damages, or seeking primarily injunctive or declaratory relief, and involving business governance, commercial contracts, securities or trade secrets — and excludes personal injury, employment and construction disputes. Counsel must request assignment within 180 days of commencement
South Carolina’s program runs statewide under the order of August 1, 2024, which covers all counties and supersedes the earlier orders. Assignment is made by the Chief Business Court Judge, on their own motion or at counsel’s request, without regard to the amount in controversy, for claims under the corporations, securities, trade secrets and trademark titles. The sixteen orders trace the program from its 2007 pilot through its statewide expansion

v3.7.0 September 13, 2026

Georgia’s criminal procedure statute is now published — O.C.G.A. Title 17, 472 sections across twenty-two chapters. Georgia has no separate rules of criminal procedure: the Title is the procedure, from arrest through sentence and beyond, and it is the last substantial body of Georgia law the site was missing
The provisions a criminal practitioner reaches for daily are here. Section 17-7-170 is the demand for speedy trial, and section 17-7-171 the capital equivalent. Section 17-5-30 is the motion to suppress evidence illegally seized, with the rest of Chapter 5 on the search warrant itself — what may be seized, when the warrant may be executed, and the return. Chapter 6 governs bail, including the offenses for which bail may be set only by a superior court judge
The Title also carries the parts of a case that come before and after trial — arrest and the warrant, the preliminary hearing, the grand jury and the indictment, the plea and its withdrawal, the reciprocal discovery act in Chapter 16, the trial and the charge to the jury, sentencing and the presentence hearing in Chapter 10, and the extraordinary motion for new trial. Chapter 15 compensates victims of crime; Chapter 15A compensates the owner of property damaged by it

v3.6.0 September 13, 2026

Georgia’s Appellate Practice Act is now published — O.C.G.A. Title 5, Chapter 6, thirty-nine sections. In Georgia the route into the appellate courts is set by statute rather than by rule, and the site carried the court rules without it
The two sections that decide whether an appeal may be taken at all are section 5-6-34, which lists the judgments appealable directly, and section 5-6-35, which lists the cases requiring an application for discretionary appeal instead. Choosing wrongly between them is jurisdictional. Section 5-6-38 sets the thirty days for filing a notice of appeal and governs the cross appeal, with section 5-6-39 on extensions and section 5-6-39.1 on the out-of-time appeal
The rest covers the record on appeal — the enumeration of errors, the transcript and its corrections, and supersedeas in criminal cases — together with the appellate courts’ own practice on costs, the form of decisions, the remittitur, and what becomes of a case when a party dies pending appeal

v3.5.0 September 13, 2026

Missouri’s Court Operating Rules are now published — 204 rules across twenty-six operating rules, the rules by which the Supreme Court of Missouri administers the state’s courts. They are a separate body from the Supreme Court Rules the site already carried, and they are where the record-keeping and access requirements actually live: the Supreme Court Rules cite them rather than restate them
Three of them are reached constantly. COR 2.03 is the redaction rule — what must be redacted from a filing, who is responsible for doing it, and the confidential filing sheet that has to accompany it — and COR 4.24 is the definition it points to, listing every class of confidential record and every item of confidential information for the whole judiciary. COR 8.04 is the retention and destruction schedule, stating how long each kind of case file and administrative record must be kept
The rest cover ground a practitioner meets directly — ordering a transcript and what it costs, media coverage of a proceeding, court reporters and foreign language interpreters, court costs and fees, electronic filing, and public access to case records including what may be reached remotely. Repealed rules are published with the order that repealed them, so a citation in an older opinion still resolves

v3.4.0 September 12, 2026

Illinois’s two procedure statutes are now published — the Code of Civil Procedure, 1,016 sections, and the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963, 425. Illinois splits its procedure between the Supreme Court Rules and the statutes, and the site carried only the rules. Much of what a practitioner needs is here: section 2-615 is the motion attacking the pleadings, section 2-619 the motion for involuntary dismissal, section 2-619.1 the combined motion, and section 2-1401 the petition for relief from a judgment more than thirty days old
On the criminal side, section 103-5 is the speedy trial term — 120 days in custody, 160 days on bail — that so much Illinois practice turns on, and Article 122 is the Post-Conviction Hearing Act, the route by which a prisoner asserts a substantial denial of constitutional rights. Between them the two codes cover arrest, search and seizure, the preliminary examination, the charge, pretrial motions including the motion to suppress, trial, judgments and their enforcement, limitations, forcible entry and detainer, and mortgage foreclosure
Repealed sections are published showing what repealed them, so a citation in an older opinion still resolves and says what became of it, and every section carries the General Assembly’s own record of the public acts that made it. Illinois is now complete at ten rule sets

v3.3.0 September 12, 2026

The Arizona Code of Judicial Administration is now published — 151 sections across seven Parts, the code by which the Supreme Court administers every court in the state. Much of it is material a practitioner meets and which appears in none of Arizona’s other fourteen sets: superior court fees, records retention and disposition schedules, protecting personal information in public records, alternative dispute resolution, and evidence-based pretrial services
Part 7 is the licensing code, and it is the reason the set is here — Arizona regulates non-lawyer legal services more extensively than any other state, and these are the rules that do it: Legal Document Preparers, Legal Paraprofessionals, Alternative Business Structures, private process servers, fiduciaries, confidential intermediaries, certified reporters and defensive driving schools. Part 6 is probation in full, from officer certification and training to standard, intensive and juvenile supervision and the uniform conditions of supervised probation
Twenty-four sections are reserved, and are published as such. The Code cross-references its own reserved numbers, so a reader who follows one to § 6-108 is told it is reserved rather than meeting a dead link. Arizona is now complete at fifteen rule sets

v3.2.0 September 12, 2026

Michigan’s Administrative Orders are now published — 278 orders of the Supreme Court from 1968 to 2026, in the volume the Court publishes beside the Michigan Court Rules. They are where a great deal of Michigan practice actually lives, and the site carried three sets before this. AO 1989-1 governs film and electronic media coverage of court proceedings — when a camera may be in a courtroom, whose consent is needed and what a judge may prohibit; AO 1990-2 runs the Interest on Lawyer Trust Accounts program and the distribution of its funds
Others carry obligations a practitioner meets directly — AO 2003-3 on the appointment of counsel for indigent criminal defendants, AO 1988-4 on the sentencing guidelines that still govern offences committed before January 1, 1999, AO 1987-1 on access to juror personal history questionnaires, and AO 2026-4 on judicial officers’ remote appearances. Later orders run to electronic filing, video proceedings, the submission of case data to the Judicial Data Warehouse, and the concurrent jurisdiction plans by which a county’s circuit, district and probate courts share their work
Seventy-eight have been rescinded, and they are published marked as such rather than left out. An opinion from the 1990s may cite AO 1987-9 or AO 1988-2; a reader who looks one up now finds it, and finds what became of it. It is the same choice already made for West Virginia’s abrogated rules. Michigan is now complete at four rule sets

v3.1.0 September 12, 2026

Everything that governs an Idaho lawyer outside the courtroom is now published — the Idaho Bar Commission Rules, one hundred and fifty-five rules across thirteen Sections. They are promulgated by the Board of Commissioners of the Idaho State Bar subject to the approval of the Idaho Supreme Court, and published by the Bar rather than the court, which is why they were missing. Section V is the discipline procedure: the Professional Conduct Board, Hearing Committees and Bar Counsel, the grounds for sanctions and the sanctions available, withheld sanctions, interim suspension, formal charge proceedings, lawyers convicted of a serious crime, reciprocal sanctions, disability inactive status, reinstatement and the protection of clients
The rest is the whole life of a licence — Section II is admission, with the essential eligibility requirements to practise law, qualifications, the application and its disclosures, admission based on practice experience, foreign legal consultants, and the Character and Fitness Committee with the standards for disqualification. Section III covers licensing and Section IV mandatory continuing legal education. Section VI is the Client Assistance Fund, which reimburses a client for a lawyer’s dishonest conduct, and Section VII fee arbitration
Section VIII is the unauthorized practice of law, Section X specialization, Section XI the practice sections, Section XII the Lawyer Assistance Program, and Section XIII trust accounts and the IOLTA program — what a lawyer must do with money that is not theirs, and which financial institutions may hold it. Idaho is now complete at fourteen rule sets

v3.0.0 September 12, 2026

What happens when a complaint is made against an Oregon lawyer is now published — the Oregon State Bar Rules of Procedure, ninety-three rules in thirteen Titles. The site already carried Oregon’s Rules of Professional Conduct and both of its judicial codes, but not the discipline procedure, for the same reason D.C.’s was missing: the Supreme Court approves these — by order dated February 9, 1984, and by its orders ever since — but the Oregon State Bar publishes them, and the court’s own site does not carry them at all. Title 2 builds the machinery: Disciplinary Counsel, the State Professional Responsibility Board, the Disciplinary Board and its Adjudicator, then the intake and review of complaints, investigations, and diversion
Title 3 holds the proceedings that do not wait for a hearing — interim suspension while a disciplinary proceeding is pending, involuntary transfer to inactive status for mental incompetency or addiction, allegations of criminal conduct and conviction of a licensee, reciprocal discipline imposed elsewhere, and discipline by consent. Titles 4 and 5 are the ordinary route: the formal complaint and the answer, pleadings and motions, discovery and its sanctions, the prehearing conference, trial briefs, mediation, and the hearing itself
The rest is what follows, and what comes after that — Title 6 the sanctions and other remedies, Title 7 suspension for failing to respond to a disciplinary investigation, Title 8 reinstatement and what must be proved to obtain it, Title 9 resignation, and Title 10 review by the Supreme Court. Title 12 is the Unlawful Practice of Law Committee. Each rule carries the court’s own record of the orders that amended it, going back to 1984. Oregon is now complete at eleven rule sets

v2.99.0 September 12, 2026

Four more Nevada rule sets were published under the wrong name, and all have been corrected. After NRAD turned out to be the Rules on the Administrative Docket rather than attorney discipline, every one of the site’s 1,039 rule sets was checked against its own text. The damage was confined to Nevada, whose seventeen sets were named by expanding the seventeen acronyms on the state’s rules index rather than by reading each document’s title. Five names were wrong. The rules under them were always correct — what was wrong was what they were called — and every old link redirects
Two were wrong about the subject, not just the wording. CWC is Child Welfare Cases: the Rules of Conduct for Lawyers Representing Children in Child Welfare Cases, five rules on what a lawyer appointed for a child in an abuse or neglect proceeding owes that child — when the representation begins, the duties owed to a child client, and the training a court must look for before appointing. It had been published as rules for a judicial selection commission. PCD is Presumptively Confidential Documents: the Policy for Handling Filed, Lodged, and Presumptively Confidential Documents, which tells a clerk of a municipal, justice or district court what to do with a document presented for filing and records that the duty to file is purely ministerial. It had been published as rules for post-conviction DNA testing — which Nevada has never had as rules; post-conviction relief there is statute
Three were wrong about the wording and keep their addresses — Nevada’s criminal rules are the Rules of Criminal Practice, not Procedure; the civil traffic rules are the Justice and Municipal Court Rules for Civil Traffic Infractions; and the guardianship rules are the Statewide Rules for Guardianship. Two new checks now run over every rule set on the site: one reports any whose name uses a word its own rules never mention, which is what found the child welfare rules, and one reports any whose description still calls it by a name it no longer has

v2.98.0 September 12, 2026

A Nevada rule set was published under the wrong name, and has been corrected. NRAD is the Nevada Rules on the Administrative Docket — the procedure by which the Supreme Court of Nevada adopts, amends and repeals an administrative rule. It had been published here since August as “Nevada Rules of Attorney Discipline”, because the acronym was expanded wrongly when Nevada’s seventeen sets were first seeded. The rules themselves were always correct and are unchanged; the set’s name, description and address were not. The document settles the point in its own last section: “Section 14. Citation. The Nevada Rules on the Administrative Docket may be cited NRAD.”
Nothing was missing from Nevada’s discipline coverage, and nothing has moved. Nevada’s attorney discipline rules are SCR 99 through 122 — the grounds for discipline, bar counsel, the disciplinary boards and panels, procedure on a complaint, disbarment and discipline by consent, reciprocal discipline, reinstatement and confidentiality — and all twenty-eight have been published with the Supreme Court Rules all along. What was wrong was that a reader looking for them could land on fourteen sections about rulemaking instead. Every link to the old address redirects
The fourteen sections now read as what they are — the administrative docket the clerk keeps of every petition to adopt, amend or repeal a rule, who may petition and what the petition must contain, the time within which the court must decide or set argument, the notice and publication an adopted rule requires, the study committees the chief justice may appoint, and the thirtieth-day effective date. Their pages also no longer read “Rule Section 1”: the section number carried its own unit, and the heading added another

v2.97.0 September 12, 2026

What happens when a complaint is made against a District of Columbia lawyer is now published — Rule XI of the Rules Governing the D.C. Bar, twenty-two sections. The site already carried the Rules of Professional Conduct, which say what a D.C. lawyer must do; this is what follows when one does not. It was missing for the same reason the Rules of Professional Conduct nearly were: the Court of Appeals adopts Rule XI but the D.C. Bar publishes it, and the court’s own attorney-discipline page carries no rule text at all. Section 1 sets out who is subject to discipline — every member of the Bar, anyone appearing pro hac vice, Special Legal Consultants, visiting clinical professors, and lawyers already suspended or disbarred — and records that a disciplinary proceeding is subject to no period of limitation
Sections 4 through 7 are the machinery — the Board on Professional Responsibility, the Hearing Committees, Disciplinary Counsel and the Executive Attorney, with their composition, terms and powers. Section 8 is the investigation and the hearing, section 8.1 diversion, and section 9 what the Board and the Court do with a Hearing Committee’s report. Section 10 covers discipline after a criminal conviction and section 11 discipline imposed in another jurisdiction; sections 12 and 12.1 are disbarment by consent and negotiated discipline, and section 13 the incapacitated attorney
The last sections are the ones a lawyer or a client is most likely to need — section 14, the duties of a disbarred or suspended lawyer, including the notice owed to clients and opposing counsel; section 15, what happens to clients’ interests when a lawyer dies, disappears or is suspended; section 16, reinstatement and what must be proved to obtain it; and sections 17 and 18 on confidentiality and subpoenas. Section 20 sets the terms a bank must meet to hold a lawyer’s trust account and runs the District’s IOLTA program. The District is now complete at twenty-two rule sets

v2.96.0 September 11, 2026

Florida’s rules for the civil commitment of sexually violent predators are now published — twenty-five rules governing proceedings under the Jimmy Ryce Act, part V of chapter 394. Rule 4.200 covers the appointment of counsel and Rule 4.220 the adversarial probable cause hearing; Rule 4.240 the trial proceedings that follow a finding of probable cause, including the time within which trial must be held. Six rules cover discovery, Rule 4.431 trial by jury, and the last three the routes after judgment — appeal, post-judgment habeas corpus, and post-commitment proceedings. Florida is now complete at thirty-one rule sets
101 Florida rule titles have been corrected. Where a title was long enough to wrap onto a second line in the source, each line was being capitalised as though it were a title of its own, so whichever small word fell at the break was capitalised wrongly — “Applicability Of Florida Rules of General Practice And Judicial Administration”, “Review Proceedings in Collateral Or Postconviction Criminal Cases”, “Appointment and Compensation of The Mediator”. The rule text was never affected; the headings above it now read as they should, across appellate procedure, civil procedure, family law, small claims and probate

v2.95.0 September 11, 2026

Nevada’s statewide district court rules are now published — the Rules of the District Courts of the State of Nevada, adopted by the Supreme Court and in force since 1959, amended through January 2026. Twenty-seven rules covering the mechanics a district-court case actually runs on: setting cases for trial and pretrial conferences, law days and the precedence of legal questions, the custody and withdrawal of papers, records and exhibits, and the form of papers presented for filing
Rule 13 is motion practice — how a motion is made, the affidavits it requires, and the renewal or rehearing of one — with Rule 14 on continuances and Rule 15 on oral hearing or submission on briefs. Rule 18 is the rule against judge-shopping: a proceeding entered into by one judge prevents action by another unless requested, and only the judge having charge of a cause may grant further time to plead. The last three are the newest additions — responding to discovery requests, limited scope representation, and informal family law trials

v2.94.0 September 11, 2026

How child support is calculated in the Northern Mariana Islands is now published — the Child Support Guidelines, eleven guidelines and the schedule they operate on. Guideline 4 is the long one: what counts as monthly gross income and what is excluded, potential income where a parent is voluntarily unemployed or underemployed, imputed income from in-kind benefits, the deductions that produce adjusted gross income, and then the calculation itself. Guideline 5 does the same for shared physical custody, and the rest cover gifts in lieu of money, medical insurance, review and modification, the findings a court must make, and pre-existing awards
The Child Support Schedule is published with it — 237 income bands of $50, from zero to $14,999.99, each giving a percentage and a dollar amount for one through ten children. It is the table Guideline 4 sends the parties to: find the combined adjusted gross income in the first column, read across to the column for the number of children, and apply what it shows. The guidelines and the schedule are of little use apart

v2.93.0 September 11, 2026

The ethical standards for interpreting in an Iowa courtroom are now published — the Code of Professional Conduct for Court Interpreters and Translators, ten canons with the Preamble, Applicability, Definitions and Comments that frame them. It governs oral and sign language interpreters and translators in legal proceedings or in offices of the Judicial Branch, and reaches real-time court reporters providing language access to deaf or hearing-impaired persons who can read English. Canon 1 is the central obligation: render a complete and accurate interpretation by reproducing the closest natural equivalent of the source language, without altering, omitting or adding anything, and without explanation — a verbatim word-for-word rendering is inappropriate where it distorts the meaning, and every spoken statement is interpreted even if it appears non-responsive or incoherent
The remaining canons cover the situations an interpreter has to navigate alone — representation of qualifications, impartiality and conflicts of interest, professional integrity and demeanor, confidentiality, restriction of public comment, the scope of practice and the line between interpreting and giving legal advice, the duty to assess and report impediments to performance, the duty to report criminal convictions and ethical violations, and professional development. Each canon carries the court’s own commentary, which is where the practical guidance sits

v2.92.0 September 11, 2026

What happens when a complaint is made against a West Virginia lawyer is now published — the Rules of Lawyer Disciplinary Procedure, ninety-five rules. The site already carried the judicial counterpart; these are the lawyer rules, and they are published by the Office of Disciplinary Counsel rather than on the court’s own site, which is why they were missing. Rule 1 establishes the Lawyer Disciplinary Board and its Investigative and Hearing Panel Subcommittees; Rule 2 the Office of Disciplinary Counsel, its powers and duties and the confidentiality it works under
Rule 3 is the procedure itself and the longest of them — how a complaint is made and screened, the investigation, the Investigative Panel’s options, formal charges and the answer, discovery and the hearing before a Hearing Panel Subcommittee, the standard of proof, the recommended disposition and the Supreme Court’s review, then reinstatement, resignation, and the duties of a suspended or annulled lawyer. Rule 4 covers a lawyer’s incapacity and Rule 6 referrals to the Judicial and Lawyer Assistance Program. Rules 5 through 5.15 were abrogated in 2012 when that Program was established, and are shown as abrogated rather than omitted, so a reader looking one up is told what became of it

v2.91.0 September 11, 2026

Four Tennessee rulebooks that were single unreadable pages are now 192 citable rules. The Supreme Court publishes each of them as one rule of its own rules, and this site stored them that way — 532,592 characters across four pages. Rule 9, the Rules of Disciplinary Enforcement, is now 37 sections: the Board of Professional Responsibility and Disciplinary Counsel, the grounds for discipline and the types available, initiation and investigation, attorneys convicted of crimes, disbarment and discipline by consent, reciprocal discipline, reinstatement and appeal
Rule 7, Licensing of Attorneys, is now 100 sections in seventeen articles — the prerequisites to practising law, the Board of Law Examiners, the application and examination and the filing dates that cannot be waived, admission by transferred UBE score, admission without examination, the character and fitness investigation, and the specialised licences a practitioner may need: limited practice by law students, pro hac vice, registration of in-house counsel, and foreign legal consultants
Rule 10, the Code of Judicial Conduct, is now 43 units in four canons, including the Preamble, Scope, Terminology and Application that the canons turn on — a fifth of the document, and the part that says which judicial officers each canon reaches. And Rule 28, the Rules of Post-Conviction Procedure, is now twelve sections: commencement, the nature of the pleadings, the procedure after a petition is filed, discovery, the evidentiary hearing, determination and relief, appeals, and withdrawal in a capital case

v2.90.0 September 11, 2026

How a lawyer is admitted to practice in the Northern Mariana Islands is now published — the Rules of Admission, Title IX of the Supreme Court Rules as amended August 4, 2025, in six divisions. Rule 70 establishes the Board of Bar Examiners — its membership, powers, meetings, records, the confidentiality of communications with its members and the immunity they enjoy. Rule 71 sets the requirements for admission and the application, its forms, its deadlines and its fees; Rule 72 governs the bar examination itself, the attorney’s exam and the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination; and Rule 73 covers admission without examination, including pro hac vice and limited admission for attorneys employed by the Commonwealth government. Rules 74 and 75 cover approval, ineligibility, review of a decision, and the oath
The Commonwealth’s judicial discipline procedure is also published — thirty-nine rules effective September 27, 2025 and amended that December. Rule 4 sets the grounds: willful misconduct in office, including conduct that brings the office into disrepute; willful or persistent failure to perform judicial duties; habitual intemperance; disability; findings rendered on fraud, corrupt motive or bad faith; and any violation of the Code of Judicial Conduct. The procedure runs from filing a complaint through initial screening, notice of investigation and the powers of the investigator, to the formal proceedings — the standard of proof, the hearing, the record, the procedural rights of the judge, and the dispositions and sanctions available