§ 1188 Denial of accusation.

Here's a plain English summary of this rule:

When someone is accused of something in court and they say they didn't do it, they can just say so out loud. They don't need to swear an oath to make their denial count. The person handling the court record will write down that the denial happened, so there's an official record of it.

This rule makes it simple for someone to state they're not guilty or dispute an accusation against them. They don't have to file special paperwork or go through a formal swearing-in process just to deny the charge. All that matters is that they speak up and say the accusation isn't true, and the court keeps track of that response in the case record.