§ 519 Plea of not guilty, evidence under.

Here's a plain English summary of this rule:

If someone pleads not guilty to a crime, they can bring up almost any facts that support their defense during the trial. They don't need to file separate paperwork or give special notice ahead of time for most defenses. The not guilty plea itself allows them to present evidence showing why they shouldn't be convicted.

There's one exception to this rule. It doesn't cover the specific defense mentioned in another part of the law (the third subdivision of Section 5710). That particular defense has its own separate rules and requirements that must be followed. For every other type of defense, though, a simple not guilty plea covers it.

This matters because it means defendants have flexibility in how they defend themselves. They aren't forced to specify every detail of their defense strategy in advance, except for that one exception. This gives people accused of crimes room to present their side of the story without extra legal hurdles, as long as their defense doesn't fall under that specific excluded category.