Rule 2:403 Exclusion of Relevant Evidence on Grounds of Prejudice, Confusion, Misleading the Jury, or Needless Presentation of Cumulative Evidence

Even if a piece of evidence is related to the case, a judge can still keep it out of court. This happens when showing the evidence would be more harmful or confusing than it is helpful.

A judge can block evidence if it might unfairly sway the jury against someone, or if it would confuse or mislead the people deciding the case. A judge can also block evidence if it just repeats something that has already been proven. For example, if ten witnesses all saw the same thing, the judge might only allow a few of them to testify instead of all ten.

The goal is to keep trials fair and focused. Just because evidence is allowed under other rules does not mean a judge has to admit it.