Art. 2631 Use of executory proceedings

Executory proceedings let a creditor seize and sell property to satisfy a debt without first suing the person in court and getting a judgment. This shortcut is allowed when the debt is backed by a mortgage or a similar legal claim on the property, and the paperwork was signed in a way that legally counts as the borrower agreeing in advance to this process (this is called an "authentic act importing a confession of judgment").

In plain terms, this usually applies to things like mortgages on homes or property loans. When someone signs these papers, they are agreeing ahead of time that if they don't pay, the lender can go straight to seizing and selling the property instead of going through a full lawsuit first. This process is faster for the creditor because it skips the normal step of suing and proving the case in court before taking action.

The law also allows this process in other specific situations beyond just mortgages, as long as those situations are spelled out elsewhere in the law. The main idea is that this method speeds up debt collection when there is already clear, signed proof that the debt and the right to seize property exist.