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Title 2: Of the Kinds and Degrees of Evidence | Chapter 3: Writings | Article 3: Private Writings

California Code of Civil Procedure – 2026

Back to Part Part 4: Miscellaneous Provisions ← Previous Part 4: Miscellaneous Provisions | Title 2: Of the Kinds and Degrees of Evidence | Chapter 3: Writings | Article 2: Public Writings Next → Part 4: Miscellaneous Provisions | Title 2: Of the Kinds and Degrees of Evidence | Chapter 3: Writings | Article 4: Records Destroyed in Fire or Calamity

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Title 1: Of the General Principles of Evidence Chapter 2: Witnesses Article 2: Public Writings Article 3: Private Writings Article 4: Records Destroyed in Fire or Calamity Article 4.5: Private Records Destroyed in Disaster or Calamity Chapter 6: Indispensable Evidence Chapter 2: Means of Production Article 1: Mode of Taking the Testimony of Witnesses Article 2: Affidavits Chapter 1: General Provisions Article 1: General Provisions Article 2: Scope of Discovery in Specific Contexts Article 3: Violation of the Elder Abuse and Dependent Adult Civil Protection Act Chapter 4: Attorney Work Product Article 1: General Provisions Article 2: Methods and Sequence of Discovery in Specific Contexts Article 1: General Provisions Article 2: Procedures Applicable to All Types of Deposition Subpoenas Article 3: Subpoena Commanding Only Attendance and Testimony of the Deponent Article 4: Subpoena Commanding Only Production of Business Records for Copying Article 5: Subpoena Commanding Both Production of Business Records and Attendance and Testimony of the Deponent Chapter 7: Sanctions Chapter 8: Time for Completion of Discovery Article 1: General Provisions Article 2: Deposition Notice Article 3: Conduct of Deposition Article 4: Objections, Sanctions, Protective Orders, Motions to Compel, and Suspension of Depositions Article 5: Transcript or Recording Article 6: Post-Deposition Procedures Chapter 10: Oral Deposition Outside California Chapter 11: Deposition by Written Questions Article 1: Interstate and International Depositions and Discovery Act Article 1: Propounding Interrogatories Article 2: Response to Interrogatories Article 3: Use of Interrogatory Answer Article 1: Inspection Demand Article 2: Response to Inspection Demand Article 3: Inspection and Production of Documents and Other Property in Specific Contexts Article 1: General Provisions Article 2: Physical Examination of Personal Injury Plaintiff Article 3: Motion for Physical or Mental Examination Article 4: Failure To Submit To or Produce Another for Physical or Mental Examination Article 5: Conduct of Examination Article 6: Reports of Examination Article 1: Requests For Admission Article 2: Response to Requests For Admission Article 3: Effect of Admission Chapter 17: Form Interrogatories and Requests for Admission Article 1: General Provisions Article 2: Demand for Exchange of Expert Witness Information Article 3: Deposition of Expert Witness Article 4: Motion To Augment or Amend Expert Witness List or Declaration Article 5: Motion To Submit Tardy Expert Witness Information Chapter 19: Perpetuation of Testimony or Preservation of Evidence Before Filing Action Chapter 20: Perpetuation of Testimony or Preservation of Information Pending Appeal Title 5: Of the Rights and Duties of Witnesses Chapter 1: Evidence in Particular Cases [2074 - [2077.]] Chapter 3: Administration of Oaths and Affirmations Title 7: Uniform Federal Lien Registration Act
§ 1929 Private writings are either: 1. Sealed; or, 2. Unsealed. § 1930 A seal is a particular sign, made to attest, in the most formal manner, the execution of an instrument. § 1931 Section Nineteen Hundred and Thirty-one. § 1932 Section Nineteen Hundred and Thirty-two. There shall be no difference hereafter, in this State, between sealed and unsealed writings. § 1933 The execution of an instrument is the subscribing and delivering it, with or without affixing a seal. § 1934 An agreement, in writing, without a seal, for the compromise or settlement of a debt, is as obligatory as if a seal were affixed. § 1935 A subscribing witness is one who sees a writing executed or hears it acknowledged, and at the request of the party thereupon signs his name as a witne… § 1950 Section Nineteen Hundred and Fifty. § 1952 (a) The clerk shall retain in his or her custody any exhibit, deposition, or administrative record introduced in the trial of a civil action or procee… § 1952.2 Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, upon a judgment becoming final, at the expiration of the appeal period, unless an appeal is pending, the … § 1952.3 Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, the court, on its own motion, may order the destruction or other disposition of any exhibit, depositio…